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Modern Reformation: Thinking Theologically

Reformation Resources

  • Does the Augsburg Confession Teach Anything Outside of Scripture? Defensio Augustanae Confessionis (Chapter IX)

    by Friedrich Balduin; translated by Todd Rester In 1613, the Hungarian Catholic Cardinal Peter Pázmány, S.J. (1570–1637) published Hodegus Igazságra-Vezérló Kalauz. In Book 4 of this work, Pázmany devoted six chapters to a refutation of the Lutheran Augsburg Confession. In 1623, Lutheran theologian Friedrich Balduin published a direct response to Pázmany’s work, titled  Defensio Augustanae […]

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    Monday, 02 May, 2022 by

  • “The Four Evangelists” by Georg Aemelius, Excerpted from Biblicae Historiae

    translated by Casey Carmichael Georg Aemelius—or Oemler in German—(1517–69) was a Lutheran theologian and botanist. His father was a friend of Hans and Margarethe Luder, Martin Luther’s parents. After studying theology at Wittenberg, Georg worked in school administration in various places throughout Germany. The following translation is a portion of his Biblicae Historiae, magno articifio […]

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    Tuesday, 01 March, 2022 by

  • “God’s Providence”

    by Franciscus Junius translated by Ryan M. Hurd The following is a translation of Franciscus Junius’s De Providentia Dei, “God’s Providence,” a short disputation held while he was professor. Abstaining from further introduction about Junius himself, I will add a word regarding the translation below. I have made no effort to establish a critical text […]

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    Saturday, 01 January, 2022 by

  • “Head and Heart”

    by Herman Bavinck translated by Gregory Parker Jr. This essay was originally published in 1892 by Herman Bavinck in the yearbook of the Dutch Youth Association (Nederlandsch Jongelings-Verbond) as “Hoofd en Hart” (“Head and Heart”).(1) Formed in Amsterdam in 1853 as a result of the Réviel,(2) this association of young males between eighteen and thirty-five […]

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    Monday, 01 November, 2021 by

  • “The Modest Theologian” (Part 2)

    by Herman Witsiustranslated by Joseph A. Tipton The following is part 2 of a translation of a portion of De Theologo Modesto, an inaugural address delivered by Herman Witsius (1636–1708) to the students and faculty of Leiden University (part 1 was published in the July/August 2021 issue of Modern Reformation). Witsius held positions at Franeker […]

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    Wednesday, 01 September, 2021 by

  • “The Modest Theologian” (Part 1)

    by Herman Witsiustranslated by Joseph A. Tipton The following is a translation of a portion of De Theologo Modesto, an inaugural address delivered by Herman Witsius (1636–1708) to the students and faculty of Leiden University. Witsius held positions at Franeker (1675–80) and Utrecht (1680–98) before receiving the invitation to join the faculty at Leiden, the […]

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    Thursday, 01 July, 2021 by

  • Templum Musicum: The Musical Synopsis of Johann Heinrich Alsted

    TRANSLATED BY JOHN BIRCHENSHA Johann Heinrich Alsted (1588–1638) was a professor of philosophy and theology at Herborn and, late in his life, at the University of Weissenburg. He was also a deputy to the Synod of Dort. More a compiler and codifier, his writings range very widely, including a philosophical encyclopedia and large theological treatises, […]

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    Saturday, 01 May, 2021 by

  • “Christian Liberty” by Franciscus Junius

    TRANSLATED BY RYAN M. HURD The following is a translation of Franciscus Junius’s De libertate christiana, “Christian Liberty.” Franciscus Junius (1545–1602) was professor of theology at Heidelberg from 1584 to 1592, when he moved to Leiden and was professor of theology there until his death in 1602. Public disputations were common academic practice during this […]

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    Monday, 01 March, 2021 by

  • Reading, Thinking, Speaking

    by Herman BavinckTRANSCRIBED BY GREG PARKER JR. The following piece was found written on a scrap of paper (dated March 6, 1906), on the back of a death announcement (dated July 22, 1908), and on a list of American cities (e.g., Hotel New York, Asbury Park, Boston, Cambridge) and people (e.g., Longfellow and Emerson). (1) […]

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    Friday, 01 January, 2021 by

  • Introducing the Reformation Resources Column

    Something is afoot today in the Protestant theological world. Thirty-five years ago in his JETS article, “Giving Direction to Theology: The Scholastic Dimension,” Richard Muller noted that much of Modern theology—and, I add, a good deal of evangelical theology—witnessed the rejection of what it considered to be an “outdated” traditional school theology (i.e., Scholasticism) for […]

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    Friday, 01 January, 2021 by