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Although synods and councils met during the Middle Ages, no great creeds or confessions were adopted that had lasting significance or ecumenical weight. The next wave of creeds, confessions, and catechisms were provoked by the Protestant Reformation. As Protestantism divided, new churches developed their own doctrinal standards—often borrowing heavily from already established creeds and confessions. No work, however, has had as much universal influence as those standards listed here.
Adapted from The Confession of Faith by A. A. Hodge (1869).